Shot types

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1. Close-up

A shot that frames the face of the subject, allows for more thorough communication of reactions, emotions, or behavior to viewers. 

2. Extreme Close-up

This shot focuses on smaller details of the subject (such as certain facial features, most often the eyes or mouth). This shot can indicate the great importance of the thing shown in the narrative. 

3. Medium Close-up

A shot that frames a subject's face, head, and shoulders while still leaving some space for the background to be seen. 

4. Medium shot

Showing from the waist upward, showing both the character and the background.

5. Two shots

Including two characters; encodes their relationships and emotions.

6. Medium long shot

Also called Medium-full shot. This shot frames a character from the knees to the top of their

head. When this shot is used, all body language, acting, and background are visible to the viewers.

7. Long shot

Full shot of the character's body and the background. The aim is to show the character's body language and how they are interacting with the environment.

8. Over-the-shoulder shot

This shot highlights what the character is looking at (often used for a conversation).

9. Wide angle

A large amount of background is typically captured by using a less tight lens for more space for landscape.

10. High angle

The camera looks down at the subject (which may encode vulnerability). 

11. Low angle

Place the camera low and shoot up the character. This makes the character appear bigger and can encode powerfulness. 

12. Dutch angle

Involves setting the camera at a tilted angle, common when encoding that something is not right. By using this shot, the audience would feel uncomfortable, foreshadows uneasiness.

13. Establishing shot

Establishing at the beginning where the action would take place.

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